Global and China Hybrid Electric Vehicle Research Report, 2022

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Hybrid Research: China Hybrid EV penetration rate will hit 22% within five years

With the development of automobile energy-saving and new energy technologies and the promotion of low-carbon emission reduction policies worldwide, fuel economy and low-carbon emissions have been in the spotlight of automobile development, and hybrid electric vehicles have become R&D focus of current automobile industry.

The commercialization of hybrid vehicles has been developing for more than 20 years, with four major markets in the world: Europe, the United States, Japan, and China, which differ in technology, strategy and marketplace. Different automakers are also diversifying their hybrid system architectures. At present, hybrid technologies vary with technology platforms.

Hybrid vehicles are accelerating the pace of replacing fuel vehicles in China

According to statistics, 6.495 million new energy passenger cars (EVs+PHEVs) were sold globally in 2021, up 107.9% year-on-year with the market share hitting a record as high as 9%; wherein, the sales volume of battery-electric passenger cars (EVs) swelled by 110% year-on-year to 4.6 million units, and the sales volume of plug-in hybrid electric passenger cars (PHEVs) increased by 103% year-on-year to approximately 1.9 million units. In 2021, the global sales volume of energy-efficient HEVs jumped by more than 20% year-on-year to approximately 3.5 million units.

Catalyzed by a series of policies such as emission regulations, Measures for the Parallel Management of Corporate Average Fuel Consumption (CAFC) and New Energy Vehicle (NEV) Credits of Passenger Car Companies, Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap 2.0, energy-saving and new energy vehicles are burgeoning. Low fuel consumption and Measures for the Parallel Management of Corporate Average Fuel Consumption (CAFC) and New Energy Vehicle (NEV) Credits of Passenger Car Companies have prompted automakers to accelerate the transformation toward electrification and speed up the deployment of 48V, HEV, REEV, PHEV and other hybrid roadmaps.

In 2021, the sales volume of hybrid passenger cars in China reached 1.778 million units, including 470,000 PHEVs, 105,000 REEVs, 689,000 HEVs, and 513,000 48V mild hybrids. With the development of hybrid systems of Chinese independent brands, PHEVs will outsell HEVs and 48V mild hybrids by 2022. REEVs have performed well since the launch, and will still grow at a relatively high growth rate from 2022 to 2027.

The penetration rate of hybrid electric passenger cars in China will fetched 8.3% in 2021, and it is expected to hit 22% by 2027 with sales over 5.5 million units.

hybrid 1_副本.png

After several years of development, Chinese independent brand automakers have made significant progress in hybrid vehicle technology, even surpassed Japanese companies such as Toyota and Honda in some aspects of performance. Their models cover weak hybrids, mild hybrids/medium hybrids, strong hybrids and so on:

Micro Hybrid - Start / Stop (12V): The currently available start / stop 12V passenger car models mainly come from European and American brands, while Chinese independent brands account for 19% of the total models;

Mild/Medium Hybrid (48V): Although Chinese independent brand automakers have deployed 48V mild hybrid system technology, they offer few models, and almost only FAW-Hongqi, Geely and Great Wall have sold cars equipped with the technology.

PHEV: BYD DM, DM-i, Great Wall L.E.M.O.N DHT, Geely Thor Hybrid Hi·X, Changan Blue Whale iDD and other hybrid systems have been mass-produced. BYD DM and DM-i have been installed on many of its models; DHT, has been applied to Mocha, Latte, Macchiato and other models of Great Wall; Changan Blue Whale iDD has been applied to UNI-K, UNI-V models;

REEV: The REEVs currently for sale mainly include Seres SF5, AITO M5, Li ONE and Voyah FREE. In June 2022, Li Auto released a full-size SUV - Li L9, and AITO unveiled a medium and large range-extended SUV - AITO M7. Both were so appealing that they received over 20,000 orders upon launch.

hybrid 2_副本.png

OEMs have mass-produced a new generation of DHE + DHT + integrated electric drive hybrid architecture

From the perspective of technical route selection:
48V hybrid technology maintains steady growth by continuously improving motor efficiency and electrification level. At this stage, it is mainly driven by foreign OEMs;
HEV technology-based models pay more attention to development of energy saving, cost reduction, system simplification, etc.;
PHEV technology is developing towards low energy consumption and high cost performance, and China has explored an independent development of PHEV technology path;
REEV technology is complementary to other hybrid technologies due to its simple structure. High battery life and driving experience are welcomed by consumers. Driven by star models such as Li, AITO, and Voyah, it will grow rapidly in the next few years.

From the perspective of hybrid technology platform layout of OEMs, domestic OEMs have independently developed DHE (hybrid special engine) + DHT (hybrid special transmission assembly), and the platform supports multiple hybrid architectures such as HEV, PHEV, and REEV at the same time:

hybrid 3_副本.png

1 Introduction to Hybrid Vehicles and Related Policies
1.1. Introduction to Hybrid Vehicles
1.1.1 Definition and Structure
1.1.2 Working Principle
1.1.3 Solutions
1.1.4 Advantages
1.1.5 Industrial Chain
1.1.6 Development Trends

1.2 Global and Chinese Carbon Emission Policies
1.2.1 Carbon Neutrality Progress in Major Countries Worldwide
1.2.2 Electrification Goals of Major Countries/Regions Worldwide
1.2.3 China's Vehicle Emission Regulations
1.2.4 China's Emissions Trading System Will Prompt the Achievement of carbon Neutrality
1.2.5 Calculation of China's Automobile Carbon Emissions

1.3 China's Policies for Hybrid Vehicles
1.3.1 Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap 2.0 (1)
1.3.2 Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap 2.0 (2)
1.3.3 Development Plan of New Energy Vehicle Industry (2021-2035)
1.3.4 Chinese Passenger Cars - Measures for the Parallel Management of Corporate Average Fuel Consumption (CAFC) and New Energy Vehicle (NEV) Credits of Passenger Car Companies (1)
1.3.5 Chinese Passenger Cars - Measures for the Parallel Management of Corporate Average Fuel Consumption (CAFC) and New Energy Vehicle (NEV) Credits of Passenger Car Companies (2)
1.3.6 CAFC and NEV Credits of Passenger Car Companies in China, 2020-2021 (1)
1.3.7 CAFC and NEV Credits of Passenger Car Companies in China, 2020-2021 (2)

2 Status Quo of Hybrid Vehicles
2.1 Global New Energy Vehicle Market
2.1.1 Light Vehicle Policies and Incentives in Major Countries Worldwide
2.1.2 Forecast for Global Electric Vehicles and Power Batteries
2.1.3 Sales Forecast for Electric Vehicles in Major Countries/Regions Worldwide
2.1.4 Global Automobile Sales
2.1.5 Global Passenger Car Sales
2.1.6 Global Sales Volume of New Energy Passenger Cars (EVs+PHEVs)
2.1.7 Global Sales Volume of New Energy Passenger Cars (EVs+PHEVs) by Brand
2.1.8 Global Sales Volume of New Energy Passenger Cars (EVs+PHEVs) by Model
2.1.9 Global Sales Volume of Major Hybrid Passenger Cars (HEVs) by Brand
2.1.10 Distribution of Main Hybrid Vehicles for Sale in Foreign Countries in 2022
2.1.11 List of Global PHEV Models for Sale in 2022 (1)
2.1.12 List of Global PHEV Models for Sale in 2022 (2)
2.1.13 List of Global PHEV Models for Sale in 2022 (3)
2.1.14 List of Global HEV Models for Sale in 2022 (1)
2.1.15 List of Global HEV Models for Sale in 2022 (2)
2.1.16 List of Global HEV Models for Sale in 2022 (3)
2.1.17 List of Global HEV Models for Sale in 2022 (4)
2.1.18 List of Global HEV Models for Sale in 2022 (5)
2.1.19 List of Global HEV Models for Sale in 2022 (6)

2.2 Chinese New Energy Vehicle Market
2.2.1 China’s Automobile Sales Volume
2.2.2 China's Motor Vehicle/Automobile Ownership
2.2.3 China's Automobile Ownership by City
2.2.4 China's New Energy Vehicle Output and Sales Volume
2.2.5 China's New Energy Vehicle Output and Sales Volume by Fuel Type
2.2.6 China's New Energy Passenger Car Sales Volume
2.2.7 China's New Energy Commercial Vehicle Sales Volume

2.3 Micro Hybrid Market (12V Automotive Start/Stop System)
2.3.1 Global Micro Hybrid Market Size (12V Automotive Start/Stop System)
2.3.2 China's Micro Hybrid Market Size (12V Automotive Start/Stop System)
2.3.3 China's Micro Hybrid Market (12V Automotive Start/Stop System) - Installation Rate of Start/Stop System
2.3.4 Energy-saving Effect and Usage Cost of Automotive Start/Stop System

2.4 Mild/Medium Hybrid Market (48V+BSG/ISG System)
2.4.1 Sales Volume of 48V Mild Hybrid Vehicles in China, 2016-2025
2.4.2 Monthly Sales Volume of 48V Mild Hybrid Vehicles in China, 2021
2.4.3 Monthly Sales Volume of 48V Mild Hybrid Vehicles in China, 2021
2.4.4 48V Mild Hybrid Business Layout of Chinese Independent Automakers (1)
2.4.5 48V Mild Hybrid Business Layout of Chinese Independent Automakers (2)
2.4.6 48V Mild Hybrid Business Layout of Joint Venture Automakers in China (1)
2.4.7 48V Mild Hybrid Business Layout of Joint Venture Automakers in China (2)
2.4.8 Models (including Imports) Equipped with 48V Mild Hybrid System, 2022
2.4.9 Supply Chain of 48V System Core Components in China
2.4.10 Obstacles to the Development of 48V Mild Hybrid System

2.5 Strong Hybrid Market (HEV)
2.5.1 China's HEV Sales Volume
2.5.2 China's HEV Competitive Landscape
2.5.3 China's HEV Sales Volume by Model
2.5.4 China's HEV Development Trend
2.5.5 SWOT Analysis of HEV

2.6 Plug-In Hybrid Market (PHEV 150V+)
2.6.1 China's PHEV Sales Volume
2.6.2 China's PHEV Competitive Landscape
2.6.3 China's PHEV Sales Volume by Model
2.6.4 China's PHEV Development Route
2.6.5 China's New Car PHEV Planning

2.7 Range-extended Hybrid Market (REEV)
2.7.1 China's REEV Sales Volume
2.7.2 China's REEV Sales Volume by Model
2.7.3 Key Component Suppliers of Major REEV Models in China
2.8 Sales Forecast for Hybrid Vehicles in China
2.8.1 Sales Forecast for Hybrid Vehicles in China

3 Hybrid Vehicle Technology Routes

3.1 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Power Structure)
3.1.1 Principles for Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Power Structure)
3.1.2 Comparison between Hybrid Power Systems with Different Power Structures
3.1.3 Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle (SHEV) - Structural Composition
3.1.4 Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle (SHEV) - Structural Composition - Operating Mode
3.1.5 Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) - Structural Composition (1)
3.1.6 Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) - Structural Composition (2)
3.1.7 Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) - Drive Mode
3.1.8 Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) - Operating Mode
3.1.9 Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) - Single Motor in Parallel
3.1.10 Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) - Dual Motors in Series or Parallel
3.1.11 Parallel Serial Hybird Electric Vehicle (PSHEV) - Structural Composition (1)
3.1.12 Parallel Serial Hybird Electric Vehicle (PSHEV) - Operating Mode
3.1.13 Parallel Serial Hybird Electric Vehicle (PSHEV) - Dual Motors in Series and Parallel (1)
3.1.14 Parallel Serial Hybird Electric Vehicle (PSHEV) - Dual Motors in Series and Parallel (2)

3.2 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Drive Motor Power)
3.2.1 Principles for Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Drive Motor Power)
3.2.2 Three Main Architectures of Weak Hybrid System
3.2.3 Classification of Micro Hybrid System (12V Automotive Start/Stop System)
3.2.4 Micro Hybrid System (12V Automotive Start/Stop System) - Separate Starter/Generator Start/Stop System
3.2.5 Micro Hybrid System (12V Automotive Start/Stop System) - Integrated Starter/Generator Start/Stop System
3.2.6 Micro Hybrid System (12V Automotive Start/Stop System) - Mazda Smart Idle Stop System (SISS) (1)
3.2.7 Micro Hybrid System (12V Automotive Start/Stop System) - Mazda Smart Idle Stop System (SISS) (2)
3.2.8 Development History of Mild Hybrid System (48V System)
3.2.9 Structure of Mild Hybrid System (48V System)
3.2.10 Medium Hybrid (ISG Architecture)
3.2.11 Strong Hybrid (HEV, PHEV)
3.2.12 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Drive Motor Power) - Summary and Comparison

3.3 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Motor Location)
3.3.1 Principles for Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Motor Location)
3.3.2 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology - P0 Motor
3.3.3 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology - P1 Motor
3.3.4 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology - P2 Motor
3.3.5 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology - P3 Motor
3.3.6 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology - P4 Motor
3.3.7 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology - P2.5 Motor
3.3.8 Classification of Hybrid Power System (by Motor Location) - Summary (1)
3.3.9 Classification of Hybrid Power System (by Motor Location) - Summary (2)

3.4 Classification of Hybrid Power System Technology (by Hybrid Level / Fuel Economy)
3.4.1 Six Types of Hybrid Power System (by Hybrid Level)
3.4.2 Classification of Hybrid Power System (by Fuel Economy)

3.5 Key Technologies of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Industry Chain
3.5.1 Key Components of Hybrid Power System
3.5.2 Key Technologies of Hybrid Power System
3.5.3 Classification of Electric Drive System
3.5.4 Electric Drive System - Planetary Structure
3.5.5 Electric Drive System - Single-axis Parallel Structure (PII)
3.5.6 Electric Drive System - Power Shunt Structure (PIII and PIV)
3.5.7 Electric Drive System - Inter-shaft Coupling Structure
3.5.8 Motor Controller Structure of Hybrid Power System
3.5.9 Hybrid Powertrain Transmission - Introduction / Operating Mode
3.5.10 Control Strategy Classification of Hybrid Power System

3.6 Development Trends of Hybrid Technology
3.6.1 Development Trends of Global and Chinese Hybrid Technology
3.6.2 Development Trends of Global Hybrid Technology by Region
3.6.3 Development Trends of Thermal Efficiency of Dedicated Hybrid Engine (DHE)

3.7 Comparison between Hybrid Vehicle Technology Solutions at Home and Abroad
3.7.1 Summary of New Energy Vehicle Development Strategies of Domestic and Foreign Automakers
3.7.2 Hybrid Technology Routes of Global Mainstream Automakers
3.7.3 Development Trends of Global Mainstream OEM Hybrid
3.7.4 Global Mainstream OEM Hybrid Application Strategies (1)
3.7.5 Global Mainstream OEM Hybrid Application Strategies (2)
3.7.6 Parameter Comparison between Mainstream Hybrid Systems of Chinese Brands

4 Hybrid Vehicle Technology Suppliers

4.1 Valeo
4.1.1 Profile
4.1.2 Automotive Energy Efficiency and Hybrid Business Strategy
4.1.3 Automotive Energy Efficiency and Hybrid Business Layout
4.1.4 Hybrid Operating Companies
4.1.5 Hybrid Product Line (1)
4.1.6 Hybrid Product Line (2)
4.1.7 Composition of Automotive Hybrid Products
4.1.8 Introduction to Start/Stop System
4.1.9 Automotive Electric Booster
4.1.10 Application of Strong Hybrid System
4.1.11 48V Mild Hybrid System (1)
4.1.12 48V Mild Hybrid System (2)
4.1.13 Application of 48V Mild Hybrid System
4.1.14 Hybrid Vehicle Projects
4.1.15 Hybrid Layout in China
4.1.16 Development Goals of Hybrid Strategy

4.2 Bosch
4.2.1 Profile
4.2.2 Operation
4.2.3 High Voltage Hybrid (1)
4.2.4 High Voltage Hybrid (2)
4.2.5 High Voltage Hybrid (3)
4.2.6 High Voltage Hybrid: 3rd-Generation Power Electronics
4.2.7 High Voltage Hybrid: Standalone Motor Generator
4.2.8 High Voltage/48V Hybrid: Electronic Engine Control Unit
4.2.9 48V Hybrid Solution (1)
4.2.10 48V Hybrid Solution (2)
4.2.11 48V Hybrid Solution: 48V DC/DC Converter
4.2.12 48V Hybrid Solution: 48V Battery
4.2.13 48V Hybrid Business Strategy
4.2.14 Hybrid Business in China

4.3 Continental / Vitesco Technologies
4.3.1 Profile
4.3.2 Operation
4.3.3 Organizational Architecture
4.3.4 Revenue (1)
4.3.5 Revenue (2)
4.3.6 Hybrid Product Line (1)
4.3.7 Hybrid Product Line (2)
4.3.8 48V High-power Hybrid System (1)
4.3.9 48V High-power Hybrid System (2)
4.3.10 48V High-power Hybrid System (3)
4.3.11 48V High-power Hybrid System (4)
4.3.12 Electric Drive System (1)
4.3.13 Electric Drive System (2)
4.3.14 Application of Electric Drive System
4.3.15 Global Layout
4.3.16 New Energy Layout in China

4.4 BorgWarner/Delphi
4.4.1 Profile
4.4.2 Revenue
4.4.3 Hybrid Revenue
4.4.4 Hybrid Vehicle Technology
4.4.5 Hybrid Products
4.4.6 Hybrid Vehicle Parts
4.4.7 P2 Modules (1)
4.4.8 P2 Modules (2)
4.4.9 P3 Architecture
4.4.10 P4 Architecture
4.4.11 PS Hybrid Architecture
4.4.12 48V Power Electronics
4.4.13 Cooperation in Hybrid
4.4.14 Development Trends of Hybrid
4.4.15 Research Center in China
4.4.16 dynamics in the Chinese market

4.5 Schaeffler
4.5.1 Profile
4.5.2 Automotive Business Revenue
4.5.3 Development Trends of Hybrid
4.5.4 Hybrid Components and System
4.5.5 Hybrid Development Strategy
4.5.6 Hybrid Development Plan 2030
4.5.7 Automotive Technology Division (1)
4.5.8 Automotive Technology Division (2)
4.5.9 Three-in-one Power System Combination
4.5.10 Application of Three-in-one Power System Combination
4.5.11 P2 Hybrid Modular System
4.5.12 Application of P2 Hybrid Modular System
4.5.13 Electric Drive Axle
4.5.14 Thermal Management System
4.5.15 R&D Investment
4.5.16 Investment in Hybrid Products
4.5.17 Application of Hybrid Products
4.5.18 Customers of Hybrid Products

4.6 GKN
4.6.1 Profile
4.6.2 Modular Electronic Drive System
4.6.3 800V Electric Vehicle Technology
4.6.4 Multi-Mode Dedicated Hybrid Transmission
4.6.5 Torque-vectoring Twinster? eDrive system
4.6.6 Hybrid Application (1)
4.6.7 Hybrid Application (2)
4.6.8 Hybrid Business Strategy
4.6.9 Global Presence

4.7 Hunan Corun New Energy
4.7.1 Profile
4.7.2 Equity Structure
4.7.3 Main Business
4.7.4 CHS Solution (1)
4.7.5 CHS Solution (2)
4.7.6 CHS Solution
4.7.7 CHS1800/2800 Series (Applicable to Passenger Cars) (1)
4.7.8 CHS1800/2800 Series (Applicable to passenger cars) (2)
4.7.9 CHS3800 Series (applicable to Light Trucks, Minibuses, etc.)
4.7.10 CHS18000 System (Applicable to Medium Trucks, Heavy Trucks, Large Buses, etc.)
4.7.11 Main Hybrid Power Batteries
4.7.12 Parameters of Automotive Power Battery
4.7.13 Operation Mode
4.7.14 Hybrid Business Strategy

5 Hybrid Vehicle OEMs

5.1 Toyota
5.1.1 Profile
5.1. Hybrid Route Planning
5.1.3 THS: Development History
5.1.4 THS: Composition
5.1.5 THS: Rare Earth Removal
5.1.6 THS: Main Technologies
5.1.7 THS: Technical Features (1)
5.1.8 THS: Technical Features (2)
5.1.9 THS: Technical Features (3)
5.1.10 THS: PHEVs vs HEVs (1)
5.1.11 THS: PHEVs vs HEVs (2)
5.1.12 THS: PHEVs vs HEVs (3)
5.1.13 Hybrid Models
5.1.14 Cooperation in Hybrid Business
5.1.15 Sales Volume of Hybrid Models
5.1.16 Layout in New Energy Vehicle Field
5.1.17 Development of Hybrid in China
5.1.18 Global Automotive Business Layout

5.2 Honda
5.2.1 Profile
5.2.2 Hybrid System Layout
5.2.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.2.4 Structure of i-MMD Hybrid System
5.2.5 Parameters of i-MMD Hybrid System
5.2.6 Parameters of i-MMD Hybrid System
5.2.7 i-MMD Configuration: Working Mode (1)
5.2.8 i-MMD Configuration: Working Mode (2)
5.2.9 i-MMD Configuration: Working Mode (3)
5.2.10 i-MMD Configuration: Fuel-efficient Way
5.2.11 i-MMD Configuration: Actual Measurement
5.2.12 i-MMD Configuration: Engine Technology
5.2.13 IMA: Structure/Parameters
5.2.14 i-DCD Configuration:
5.2.15 SH-AWD Configuration
5.2.16 Sales Volume of HEV Models
5.2.17 Sales Volume of PHEV Models

5.3 Nissan
5.3.1 Profile
5.3.2 Carbon Neutrality Goal in 2050
5.3.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.3.4 Efficiency Comparison between the First-generation and the Second-generation e-POWER System
5.3.5 Parameter Comparison between the First-generation and the Second-generation e-POWER System
5.3.6 structure of the Second-generation e-POWER System
5.3.7 Operation Process of the Second-generation e-POWER System under all Working Conditions
5.3.8 Energy Utilization Rate of the Second-generation e-POWER System
5.3.9 Comparison between the Second-generation e-POWER System and Its Competing Products
5.3.10 Layout of e-POWER System in China

5.4 Volkswagen
5.4.1 Profile
5.4.2 Hybrid Route Planning
5.4.3 Structure of DHT
5.4.4 Core Components of DHT (1)
5.4.5 Core Components of DHT (2)
5.4.6 Core Components of DHT (3)
5.4.7 DHT for HEV/PHEV
5.4.8 Structure of Plug-in Hybrid Technology
5.4.9 Drive Mode of Plug-in Hybrid Technology
5.4.10 Working Mode of Plug-in Hybrid Technology
5.4.11 Models with Plug-in Hybrid Technology

5.5 GM
5.5.1 Profile
5.5.2 Hybrid Route Planning
5.5.3 Hybrid Models
5.5.4 Parameters of Hybrid Models
5.5.5 LaCrosse / Malibu XL: Hybrid system
5.5.6 LaCrosse / Malibu XL: Engine 5.1.4 THS
5.5.7 LaCrosse / Malibu XL: Motor
5.5.8 LaCrosse / Malibu XL: Electronic control
5.5.9 LaCrosse / Malibu XL: Battery
5.5.10 LaCrosse / Malibu XL: Working Mode
5.5.11 GM Cadillac CT6
5.5.12 GM Chevrolet Volt (1)
5.5.13 GM Chevrolet Volt (2)
5.5.14 GM Chevrolet Volt (3)
5.5.15 Buick VELITE 6 PHEV

5.6 Volvo
5.6.1 Profile
5.6.2 Hybrid Route Planning
5.6.3 T8 plug-in Hybrid System
5.6.4 T5 plug-in Hybrid System
5.6.5 Plug-in Hybrid Models
5.6.6 48V Mild Hybrid System

5.7 BMW
5.7.1 Profile
5.7.2 Hybrid Route Planning
5.7.3 Plug-in Hybrid Technology
5.7.4 Plug-in Hybrid Models
5.7.5 48V Mild Hybrid System (1)
5.7.6 48V Mild Hybrid System (2)

5.8 BYD
5.8.1 Profile
5.8.2 Hybrid Business Strategy
5.8.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.8.4 Plug-in Hybrid Technology Comparison
5.8.5 Plug-in Hybrid Technology Comparison
5.8.6 Main Features of DM-p technology
5.8.7 Positioning of DM-p Technology
5.8.8 DM-i Super Hybrid Technology: Composition
5.8.9 DM-i Super Hybrid Technology: Configurations
5.8.10 DM-i Super Hybrid Technology: Battery
5.8.11 DM-i Super Hybrid Technology: Working Mode
5.8.12 DM-i Super Hybrid Technology: Power Source
5.8.13 DM-i Super Hybrid Technology: Advantages
5.8.14 DM-i Super Hybrid Technology: Models supported

5.9 Geely
5.9.1 Profile
5.9.2 Hybrid System Strategy
5.9.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.9.4 Thor Hybrid
5.9.5 Thor Smart Engine Hi·X
5.9.6 Lynk & Co - Intelligent Electric Hybrid LynkE-Motive Technology
5.9.7 First-generation Hybrid System: GHS1.0
5.9.8 Second-generation Hybrid System: GHS2.0
5.9.9 Volvo Hybrid System
5.9.10 48V-BSG Mild Hybrid
5.9.11 7DCT/H Gearbox
5.9.12 P2.5 Architecture Efficient Intelligent Hybrid Powertrain / Range-extended Hybrid Technology

5.10 SAIC
5.10.1 Profile
5.10.2 Hybrid Business Strategy
5.10.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.10.4 Introduction to EDU Hybrid System
5.10.5 Principle of EDU Hybrid System
5.10.6 Second-generation EDU Hybrid System
5.10.7 Gearbox of EDU Hybrid System
5.10.8 Working Mode of EDU Hybrid System
5.10.9 10-speed Intelligent Electric Drive Transmission of the Second-generation EDU Hybrid System
5.10.10 Advantages of the Second-generation EDU Hybrid System
5.10.11 Comparison between Models with EDU Hybrid System
5.10.12 Global R&D Center/Manufacturing Base

5.11 GAC
5.11.1 Profile
5.11.2 Plug-in Hybrid Technology
5.11.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.11.4 Julang Power Hybrid System
5.11.5 Julang Power Hybrid System: Platform Composition
5.11.6 Julang Power Hybrid System: Engine
5.11.7 Julang Power Hybrid System: Technical advantages of the Fourth-generation 2.0ATK Engine
5.11.8 Julang Power Hybrid System: Engine Thermal Efficiency
5.11.9 Julang Power Hybrid System: Transmission
5.11.10 Julang Power Hybrid System: Dedicated Hybrid Transmission
5.11.11 Julang Power Hybrid System: Models Supported

5.12 Great Wall
5.12.1 New Energy Vehicle Planning in 2025
5.12.2 New Energy Vehicle Electronic Architecture in 2021-2024
5.12.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.12.4 Hybrid Layout
5.12.5 Three Hybrid Systems (1)
5.12.6 Three Hybrid Systems (2)
5.12.7 L.E.M.O.N DHT System
5.12.8 L.E.M.O.N DHT System: Dynamic Form
5.12.9 L.E.M.O.N DHT System: Engine Parameters
5.12.10 L.E.M.O.N DHT System: Parameters of Battery and electric drive
5.12.11 L.E.M.O.N DHT System: Working Mode
5.12.12 L.E.M.O.N DHT System: Control Logic
5.12.13 L.E.M.O.N DHT System: Application Scenarios
5.12.14 L.E.M.O.N DHT System: Models Supported
5.12.15 L.E.M.O.N DHT Suppliers
5.12.16 P2 Hybrid System
5.12.17 Global R&D and Production System

5.13 Chery
5.13.1 Hybrid Technology Planning
5.13.2 Kunpeng Fuel and Hybrid Development Strategy
5.13.3 Hybrid Route Planning
5.13.4 Star Core Power ET-i Full Engine Super Hybrid
5.13.5 Kunpeng DHT
5.13.6 Kunpeng DHT: Critical System (1)
5.13.7 Kunpeng DHT: Critical System (2)
5.13.8 Kunpeng DHT: Dedicated Hybrid Engine (1)
5.13.9 Kunpeng DHT: Dedicated Hybrid Engine (2)
5.13.10 Kunpeng DHT: DHT gearbox
5.13.11 48V BSG Micro Hybrid System (1)
5.13.12 48V BSG Micro Hybrid System (2)
5.13.13 48V BSG Micro Hybrid System (3)
5.13.14 Automatic Start/Stop Models
5.13.15 48V Hybrid Models
5.13.16 Plug-in Hybrid Models
5.13.17 Hybrid System Development Plan

5.14 BAIC
5.14.1 Hybrid Route Planning
5.14.2 Hybrid Technology Planning

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