This unique new report analyses three closely related new electric vehicle markets due for takeoff in 2015. They are electric motorcycles, e-maxi scooters and electric three wheelers from e-rickshaws to disruptive new forms of car and car-like vehicle. This creation of major new EV markets is occurring partly because big brands Yamaha and BMW are entering the field, Yamaha with on and off road e-motorcycles and BMW with an e- maxi scooter initially all in 2015. Harley Davidson is getting user response to a first test design of e-motorcycle in 2014. In 2014, Toyota has garnered huge interest with an enclosed three wheel, tilting electric motorcycle, the iRoad. In addition, Chinese companies are newly offering impressive e maxi scooters and three wheel cars and car-like vehicles and at one third of the price. Leaders in sales such as Zero Motorcycles and Brammo are achieving increased sales and going global and there is now a steady stream of new companies offering all these vehicles and most of them have production coming on-stream in 2015-6.

IDTechEx has therefore timed this report well to assist those in the business and those that must now consider entering it. The report will also be invaluable to the 200 manufacturers of lithium-based rechargeable batteries and 200 manufacturers of electric traction motors for EVs that seek to sell widely including into fast growing new EV markets to get economy of scale and premium pricing wherever possible. The report also services the needs of those in power electronics, potential investors and other interested parties. Forecasts for 2015-2025 are given for the three primary categories and the sub-categories are analysed in detail. This report is brimful of comparisons and technology and market timelines and market forecasts based on extensive interviews and international travel by PhD level analysts to see what is really going on and what will happen next. It is a sister report to the many other reports in the IDTechEx series that cover complete electric vehicles by land, water and air and further detail on components and systems can be obtained from the IDTechEx reports specifically analysing and forecasting those aspects, from motors to fuel cells and supercapacitors.

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Table of Contents

1.	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1.1.	Tipping point for e-motorcycles and e-maxi scooters
1.2.	Three wheelers
1.3.	Barriers to adoption
1.4.	Timelines: technology and markets 2015-2025
1.5.	Forecasts: units, price, market value 2015-2025
1.6.	E-motorcycle market share 2014/2025
1.7.	E-scooter market: units, price, market value 2013-2025
1.8.	Market for 3 wheel micro EVs units, price, market value 2013-2025
1.9.	Basis of forecasts: e-motorcycles etc.
1.10.	Components and voltage trends
1.11.	Performance/price compromises by category
1.12.	Manufacturers by country
1.13.	Cost trend vs conventional alternatives
1.14.	Comparison of 59 models of e-motorcycle and similar vehicle from 39 manufacturers
2.	INTRODUCTION
2.1.	Definitions
2.2.	The electric vehicle business
2.3.	Why go electric? Pros and cons
3.	SURVEY
3.1.	Company, country, model, price compared
4.	THREE WHEEL EVS CAN BE OPTIMAL
4.1.	Background
4.2.	Three wheelers as crossover products
4.3.	Operational benefit of three wheel
4.3.1.	Introduction
4.3.1.	Electric three wheeler penetration
4.3.2.	Nissan DeltaWing
4.3.3.	The basics driving us to three wheel
4.3.4.	Energy efficiency
4.3.5.	Relative magnitude of energy dissipation
4.3.6.	Occupancy trend favours 3 wheel?
4.3.7.	Low cost three wheel vehicle market
4.3.8.	The Indian three wheel market - the largest globally.
4.4.	Benefits of three wheelers
4.5.	Three wheel electric vehicles: varied positioning in the market
4.5.1.	Twike, Piaggio, Xingui and others contrasted
4.5.2.	Toyota scenario 2014
4.5.3.	Philippines: big new commitments to e trikes
4.6.	Three wheel racing cars
4.7.	Barriers for adoption of three wheel EVs
5.	CAR-LIKE VEHICLES NOT HOMOLOGATED AS CARS: MICROEV, QUADRICYCLE, E TRIKE, NEV, GOLF CAR
5.1.	Many names, common factors
5.2.	Car-like vehicles that evade restrictions, taxes and other costs
5.3.	Listing of manufacturers beyond golf cars
5.4.	China the main MicroEV market so far
6.	LITHIUM BATTERY MANUFACTURERS, CHEMISTRY, FORMAT, EV SUCCESS
	APPENDIX 1: IDTECHEX RESEARCH REPORTS AND CONSULTANCY
	TABLES
1.1.	Timeline of key events powering the rapid growth of sales of e-motorcycles, e-maxi scooters and similar three wheel EVs. Technology tends shown in grey.
1.2.	Global market for 2 and 3 wheel e-motorcycles 2013-2025 number K, unit price ex-factory US$ thousand, market value, US$ billion
1.3.	Global market for e-scooters, including maxi scooters, 2013-2025 number K, unit price US$ thousand, market value US$ billion
1.4.	Global market for 3 wheel micro EVs 2013-2025 numbers K, unit price US$ thousand, market value US$ billion
2.1.	Illustration of the categories of vehicle covered in this report with consumer propositions.
2.2.	Some of the advantages and disadvantages of having electric e-motorcycles, e-maxi scooters and e-three wheelers rather than conventional internal combustion engine versions.
3.1.	Company, country, model, type and price
3.2.	Company, country, range, top speed, acceleration, motor parameters, transmission, chargers and weight of the survey e-vehicles
4.1.	Domestic sales by category in India
4.2.	Planned Deployment of Electric 3 wheelers in India
5.1.	Listing of manufacturers beyond golf cars
6.1.	143 manufacturers and putative manufacturers of lithium-based rechargeable batteries with country, cathode and anode chemistry, electrolyte morphology, case type, applicational priorities and customer relationships, if any, in sel
	FIGURES
1.1.	Global market for 2 and 3 wheel e-motorcycles 2013-2025 number K
1.2.	Global market for 2 and 3 wheel e-motorcycles 2013-2025 unit price US$
1.3.	Global market for 2 and 3 wheel e-motorcycles 2013-2025 US$ billion
1.4.	Market number share by manufacturer in 2014
1.5.	Global market for e-scooters 2013-2025 number K
1.6.	Global market for e-scooters 2013-2025 unit price US$ thousand
1.7.	Global market for e-scooters 2013-2025 market value US$ billion
1.8.	Global market for 3 wheel micro EVs 2013-2025 numbers K
1.9.	Global market for 3 wheel micro EVs 2013-2025 unit price US$ thousand
1.10.	Global market for 3 wheel micro EVs 2013-2025 market value US$ billion
1.11.	Categories of e-motorcycle and allied e-vehicle in survey that are in production or likely to be in production soon
1.12.	Voltage trends for electric vehicles, showing lithium-ion batteries taking over.
1.13.	Spread of results in survey. Performance comparison of heavy and light e-motorcycles and e-maxi-scooters in city range, top speed and acceleration. Only models in production or intended for production are compared. Similarities sh
1.14.	Number of manufacturers by country
1.15.	Battery size kWh vs vehicle cost showing how small electric vehicles have lower up-front cost than conventional ones and the breakeven is moving up to embrace e-motorcycles and e-cars over the coming decade.
1.16.	59 models of 39 manufacturers of e-motorcycles and allied vehicles compared by picture, claims and with IDTechEx appraisal.
4.1.	Nissan DeltaWing
4.2.	Energy dissipation through air resistance
4.3.	Typical Chinese three wheel on-road vehicles.
4.4.	Electric Three Wheel Taxi by LangFang Sandi Electric Trycicle Co. Ltd.
4.5.	Bubble e-bike
4.6.	Domestic market share for 2012-13
4.7.	Bajaj Auto is a dealer in the manufacturing of commercial three wheel vehicles
4.8.	Bajaj Affordable Three Wheel Commercial Vehicle 2014 (2,000 usd) available in Natural Gas, Liquefied Gas and Diesel versions
4.9.	Electric vehicle cost breakeven
4.10.	Twike pedal-assisted electric vehicle left in Switzerland and some of the 100 Mexico City pedelec taxis right
4.11.	Piaggio tilting three wheel scooters with conventional engines and below one from Xingue China
4.12.	Toyota i-Road pure electric tilting three wheeler
4.13.	E-trikes used as taxis
4.14.	E-Rex microEV racing car
5.1.	Car-like vehicles not homologated as cars, in the context of two wheelers and Europe. Love them or hate them?
5.2.	The Daimler Smart, left, is a mainstream car subject to tax, insurance, crash tests etc. whereas the G-Whiz from India, right, is registered as a quadricycle and was the best-selling pure electric car in the UK for ten years with
5.3.	Renault Twizy quadricycle which is selling over ten thousand within two years from launch. The standard model has no windows
5.4.	Chinese micro-EV car in China.